When is surgery necessary for knee cartilage damage, and what are the potential risks and benefits?

Can Knee Cartilage Repair Itself?

Knee cartilage is a type of connective tissue that lines the ends of bones in the knee joint. Its primary function is to cushion the bones and provide smooth and pain-free movement of the knee. However, due to factors such as aging, wear and tear, or injury, knee cartilage can become damaged or worn out, leading to pain, inflammation, and limited mobility.

The question that many people ask is whether knee cartilage can repair itself. The short answer is no. Unlike some other tissues in the body, cartilage lacks its own blood supply, making it hard to heal on its own. When the damage occurs, the cartilage cells become inactive and do not regenerate, leaving the tissue permanently damaged.

However, this does not mean that all hope is lost. There are several treatment options that can promote cartilage repair and reduce the symptoms associated with damaged knee cartilage.

Treatment options for knee cartilage damage

1. Physical therapy

Physical therapy is often the first-line treatment for knee cartilage damage. It involves exercises and stretches that help strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve range of motion. This can help reduce stress on the damaged cartilage and promote healing.

2. Anti-inflammatory medications

Anti-inflammatory medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with knee cartilage damage. However, it’s important to use these medications under the supervision of a medical professional, as long-term use may have side effects.

3. Corticosteroid injections

Corticosteroid injections involve the injection of a powerful anti-inflammatory medication directly into the knee joint. This can provide fast and effective relief from pain and inflammation. However, it’s important to avoid overuse, as repeated injections can lead to unwanted side effects such as osteoporosis.

4. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy

PRP therapy is an innovative treatment that involves using the patient’s own blood to stimulate healing. The blood is drawn and processed to isolate growth factors that promote tissue regeneration. The growth factors are then injected into the knee joint to help repair damaged cartilage.

5. Surgery

In severe cases of knee cartilage damage, surgery may be necessary. There are several surgical procedures available, including microfracture surgery, autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), and osteochondral transplantation (OCT).

Conclusion

While knee cartilage cannot repair itself, there are several treatment options available that can help promote healing and reduce the symptoms associated with knee cartilage damage. With the right treatment and care, people with damaged knee cartilage can still lead a healthy and active lifestyle.